Commonly used definitions in the domestic violence and sexual assault treatment profession. Acquaintance Rape - Any unwanted sexual contact or attention achieved by force, threats, bribes, manipulation, pressure, tricks, or violence by someone with which the victim is acquainted. The perpetrator may be a spouse, a partner, a friend, or merely someone the victim sees around the neighborhood from time to time. This is by far the most common type of sexual assault. 85% of victims know their attackers (National Violence Against Women Survey 1998). Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) - Any act that involves sexual molestation or exploitation of a child by a parent or other person who has permanent or temporary care or custody of or responsibility for supervision of a child, or by any household or family members regardless of whether physical injuries are sustained. Child sexual abuse is a physical violation of a child's body through any sort of sexual contact or a psychological violation of a child's personal space through verbal or visual sexual behavior. It is a violation of a child's basic rights to be protected, nurtured, and guided through childhood and it disrupts child development, causing low self-esteem, distorted beliefs about body image and sexuality, and a lack of trust in care givers and the world in general. Domestic Violence (DV) - Any hurtful or unwanted behavior perpetrated upon an individual by an intimate or prior intimate. Includes physical, psychological and emotional abuse. Primarily a learned behavior whose effects, without intervention, become more destructive over time. Domestic Violence Witness (DVW) - children who witness violence between the adults in their home. Even if child is not actually being abused, witnessing violence. DVWs experience most of the same symptoms as abused children. Domestic violence operates on a generational cycle. Children who witness abuse in the home are at a greater risk of becoming perpetrators or victims of domestic violence as adults. Incest - Any overtly sexual act between people who are closely related or who perceive themselves as being closely related (as in relationship between in-laws, stepsiblings and stepparents, and close family friends). In addition to physical sexual contact this can include voyeurism, masturbation in front of the child, suggestive talk, provocative photography, exposing oneself to the child, etc. Incest results from a breakdown in the family and creates emotional isolation, stress, confusion about family roles and boundaries, guilt, and a host of other symptoms. Rape - Forced vaginal intercourse, perpetrated against the will of and without the consent of the victim (for more information see the "laws" section). Rape Related Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (RR-PTSD) - An emotional state of discomfort and stress resulting from memories of an extraordinary catastrophic experience which shattered the survivor's sense of invulnerability to harm. 31% of rape victims develop some form of RR-PTSD (National Center for Victims of Crime 1992). Also called Shell Shock, Concentration Camp Syndrome, Battered Women's Syndrome, and Combat Fatigue. (For more information about RR- PTSD and its symptoms, contact Turnaround, Inc.) Sexual Assault (SA) - Any unwanted sexual contact or attention achieved by force, threats, bribes, manipulation, pressure, tricks, or violence. It may be physical or non-physical and includes rape, attempted rape, incest and child molestation, and sexual harassment. Sexual assault is a crime of violence, anger, power and control where sex is used as a weapon against the victim. Sexual Harassment (SH) - Any repeated, unwanted behavior of a sexual nature perpetrated upon one individual by another. Sexual harassment may be verbal, visual, written, or physical. It can occur between people of different genders or those of the same sex. Harassing behaviors may occur in a variety of relationships including those among peers, and those where there is an imbalance of power between two individuals. The law is primarily concerned with the impact of the behavior, not the intent. In other words, the law is concerned with how the person on the receiving end is affected by the behavior, not with what the other person means by the behavior. Teen Dating Violence (TDV) - Any hurtful or unwanted behavior perpetrated upon an individual by a dating partner or former dating partner. Includes physical, emotional and psychological abuse. Teen dating violence often begins with jealousy and extreme possessiveness and is characterized by the need of one partner to control every aspect of the other partner's live. It is often not taken seriously by adults and is seen as "just a phase" or "puppy love" so it often goes unchecked. Currently, 1 in 10 teens is in a violent dating relationship (Gamanche 1991).